Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Canned Meat Consumptions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Food of animal origin provides important nutrients (protein, zinc, iron, selenium, vitamins and phosphorus) that constituted a well-balanced diet. The meat food industry employs numerous technologies such as canning to prolong shelf life, ease distribution and preserved quality. Unfortunately, the meat canning process has raised public health concerns over the safety and quality of the products due to the exposure of man to toxic elements (heavy metals). This survey determines the content of Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Tin, Lead, Mercury, Manganese, Nickel and Zinc in canned meat by means of ICP-MS apparatus and mercury analyzer; perform Probabilistic Risk Assessment (non-carcinogenic) using Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI); Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Health Risk Index (HRI)mg/kg-bw/day. The analysis shows that Sn, Hg and Fe were below recommended limits; Cd and Cu were also within limits except in Costa and Exeter products while Cr, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn were above recommended limits in all products. The TDI recorded nine elements (Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,Pb,Mn,Ni,Sn and Zn)that were beyond recommended Oral Reference Dose (RfD) in different canned meat. The THQ revealed Cu and Ni above recommended RfD values (4.0E-2 and 2.0E-1) which posed carcinogenic risk effects on the use; however, the overall HRI values of all the heavy metals were below the limits (<1), indicating non-carcinogenic health effects on the exposed populations. Therefore, the consumption of this product should be limited to avert future health risks.
Downloads
Article Details
References
Adedokun, A.H., K.L. Njoku, M.O. Akinola, A.A. Adesuyi and Jolaoso, A.O. (2016): Potential Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals intake via Consumption of some Leafy Vegetables obtained from Four Market in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria; J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 20(3):530-539. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i3.6
Ahmad, R.S.; A. Imran and Hussain, M.B. (2018): Nutritional Composition of Meat. In (Ed.), Meat Science and Nutrition. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.77045.
AL-Rajhi, M.A. (2014): Determination the Concentration of Some Metals in Imported Canned Food and Chicken Stock, American Journal of Environmental Sciences,10(3):283-288. doi:10.3844/ajessp.2014.283.288.
Al-Thagafi, Z.; H. Arida and Hassan, R. (2014): Trace Toxic metal levels in canned meat and fresh Food: A comparative Study, Int. Jour. Inn. Res. Sci. Eng. & Tech.; 8977-8989.
Altıntığ, E; Hişir, ME; Altundağ, H. (2016): Determination of Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn by ICP-OES in mushroom samples from Sakarya, Turkey. Sakarya. Univer. J. Sci. 21(3): 496-504.
Al-Zuhairi, W. S., Farhan, M. A., & Ahemd, M. A. (2015): Determine of heavy metals in the heart, kidney and meat of beef, mutton and chicken from Baquba and Howaydir market in Baquba, Diyala Province, Iraq. Int.J. Rec Sci Res.; 6(8): 5965-5967.
Areej, A.; K. Adem and Angham, A. A. (2012): Determination of mercury, nickel and copper in some types of canned fish and meat, Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research, 11(2):1–9.
Bakircioglu, D., Y.B. Kurtulus and Ucar, G. (2011): Determination of some trace metal levels in cheese samples packed in plastic and tin containers by ICP-OES after dry, wet and microwave digestion. Food Chemical Toxicology, 49:202–207.
Dadar, M.; M. Adel, H. Nasrollahzadeh Saravi and Fakhri, Y. (2017): Trace element concentration and its risk assessment in common kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia Bordin, 1904) from southern basin of Caspian Sea, Toxin Reviews, pp. 1–6.
Ebuete, A.W.; S. Isiya, L.E. Ndiwari, I.Y. Ebuete, P.T.A.Walson and Wolisi, I.H. (2020): The Food and the Poison, a Retrospect of Abattoir, Butcher Markets and Buckateria in Nigeria: An Emperical Study. American J. Epidemiol Public Health. 4(1): 024-031.
Enuneku, A. A., B.I. Omorhienrhien, A.O. Anani and Ezemonye, L.I. (2019): Potential Carcinogenic Risk Evaluation of Lead (Pb) in selected Canned Foods obtained from Superstores in Nigeria; Journal of Scientific and Technical Research; 13(3):26-36. DOI:10.26717/BJSTR.2019.13.002397.
Erhunmwunse, N., I. Tongo and Ezemonye, L.I. (2020): Food toxicity assessment of selected canned foods in Nigeria, Toxicol Res. 36(1): 45–58. doi: 10.1007/s43188-019-00001-9.
Fiamegos, Y., M. Vahcic, H. Emteborg, J. Snell, G. Raber, F. Cordeiro, P. Robouch and Calle, B. (2016): Determination of toxic trace elements in canned vegetables. The importance of sample preparation, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 85:57–66; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2016.02.004.
Hamasalim, H.J. and Mohammed, H.N. (2013): Determination of Heavy Metals in Exposed Corned Beef and Chicken Luncheon that Sold in Sulaymaniah Markets. Afr. J. Food Sci.; 7(7): 178-82. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJFS2013.0988.
https://www.clinmedjournals.org/articles/ijtra/ijtra-6-033-table2.html).
Hussein S.A., M.H. Rathi and Kadhim T.J. (2021): Determination of the levels of lead and cadmium in canned fish and meat, imported to the local markets of Diyala Province, Iraq, First International Virtual Conference on Environment & Natural Resources IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 790, 012043. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/790/1/012043
Iwegbue, C.M.A. (2011): Trace metal contents in some brands of canned beef in Nigeria, Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry; 1–7, iFirst; 2011 (iFirst). DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2011.587816.
Kassouf, A., H. Chebib, N. Lebbos, R. Ouaini, Migration of iron, lead, cadmium and tin from tinplate-coated cans into chickpeas, Food Addit. Contam. A 30 (2013):1987–1992.
Khalafalla, F. A.; F.H. M. Ali; A. H. A. Hassan and Basta S. E. (2016): Residues of lead, cadmium, mercury and tin in canned meat products from Egypt: an emphasis on permissible limits and sources of contamination; J. Verbr. Lebensm, 1-7; Springer, DOI 10.1007/s00003-016-1020-x
Korkmaz, C.; O. Ay; C. Çolakfakio˘glu; B. Cicik, and Erdem, C. (2017): Heavy metal levels in muscle tissues of solea solea, mullus barbatus, and sardina pilchardus marketed for consumption in Mersin, Turkey, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 228(8):315.
Kowalska, G., U. Pankiewicz, and Kowalski, R. (2020): Determination of the Level of Selected Elements in Canned Meat and Fish and Risk Assessment for Consumer Health, J Anal Methods Chem. 2020: 2148794. doi: 10.1155/2020/2148794..
Leite, L.C.S.; N.V. de Lima, E.S.d. P Melo, C.M.L. Cardozo and do Nascimento, V.A. (2022): Exposure to Toxic Metals and Health Risk Assessment through Ingestion of Canned Sardines Sold in Brazil. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19, 7678: 2-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137678.
Lewis D. Smart News (2015): Arctic Explorers uncover (and eat) 60-years old food Stash; Smithsonian magazine, 2015, Oct. 22. Access from https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/arctic -explorer-uncover-60-years-old-food-stash-180956936.
Liang, G., W.Gong, B.li, J. Zuo, L.. Pan and Liu, X. (2019): Analysis of Heavy metals in foodstuffs and assessment of the Health Risks to the General Public via Consumption in Beijing, China; International Journal of Evironmental Research and Public Health, 16(909). doi:10.3390/ijerph16060909.
Lima, N.V.; Granja D. Arakaki, E.S. de Pádua Melo, D.J. Machate and do Nascimento, V.A. (2021): Assessment of Trace Elements Supply in Canned Tuna Fish Commercialized for Human Consumption in Brazil. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18,12002.
Markmanuel, D.P., B.M.W. Amos-Tautau and Songca, S.P. (2022): Tin Concentrations and Human Health Risk Assessment for Children and Adults in Seafood and Canned Fish commonly consumed in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management: 26(7); DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v26i7.8, DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v26i7.12.
Marriott B.P., D.F. Birth., V.A. Stallings and Yates A.A., (2020): Eds. Present Knowledge in Nutrition, 11th ed. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Wiley-Blackwell; 393-408. .
Nava, V.; Bella, D.G.; Potorti, G.A., Turco, L.V. and Licata, P. (2023): EU Processed Meat and Fish Foods., Novel Research on Safety detection and Quality Control of Food, 13(2),793. http://doi.org/10.3390/app13020793.
Ociepa-Kubicka, A. and Ociepa, E. (2012): Toxic effects of heavy metals on plants, animals and humans, In˙zynieria I Ochrona ´Srodowiska, 15(2): 169–180.
Ojezele, O.J.; F.J. Okparaocha; P.O. Oyeleke and Agboola, H.I. (2021): Quantification of Some Metals in Commonly Consumed Canned Foods in South-west Nigeria: Probable Pointer to Metal Toxicity, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage. 25 (8):1519-1525. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v25i8.36.
Oloruntoba, A. and Isaiah Adukwu Nathaniel, A.I. (2019): Assessment of Heavy Metal Levels in Offal Meats (Kidney and Liver) of Beef Sold at Gwagwalada Market, Abuja, Nigeria; Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences; 7(2): 1-8, 2019; Article no.AJOPACS.51136; DOI: 10.9734/AJOPACS/2019/v7i230090
Pawełczyk, A.; F. Boˇzek, and ˙Zuber, M. (2018): Environmental Risk, Case Studies, Czech-Pol Trade, Prague, Czech Republic.
Stojanovic, B.; S. Jankovic, V. Dordevic, S. Marjanovic, D. Vasilev, Z. Stojanovic, M. Balaban and Antic, C. (2021): Determination of toxic elements in Meat products from Serbia Packaged in Tinplate Cans; Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res Int.,28(35):48330-48342. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14051-w.