Thermophiles and their Industrial Application A Review
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Abstract
Thermophilic micro organisms are of important economic value due to their ability to produce thermostable extra cellular enzymes which have important biotechnological and industrial applications. It is well known that thermophilic activities are generally associated with protein stability. Thus the proteins which are produced by these thermophilic micro organisms are in most cases more stable compared to their mesophilic counterparts. The mechanism of thermostability of the proteins that results in the molecular rigidity is related to a number of salt bridges, hydrogen and disulphide bonds and the packing of external residues. The biotechnological advantage of these thermostable enzymes is dere ability to withstand elevated temperatures, reducing risk of contamination by mesophiles. Several cellulases, xylanases and pectinases have been applied in industrial and biotechnological processes such as oil recovery, production of animal feed, biobleaching of paper pulp, obtaining biofuel fromcellulosic wastes just to mention a few. This review captures thermophilic micro organisms and their thermostable enzymes in a number of industrial and biotechnological applications.
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