Pathogenic Analysis of the Effects of Solid Waste Dumpsites on Community Health in Gombe Metropolis

Abstract

Improper disposal of solid waste left unattended to create dumpsites which serve as breeding grounds for pathogenic microorganisms. That becomes pathways for diseases such as malaria, Lassa fever, typhoid etc. Against this background, this study conducted a pathogenic analysis of the effects of solid waste dumpsites on community health within Gombe metropolis. This is to identify pathogenic microorganisms that pose health risks to communities in Gombe Metropolis. Data on pathogens were collected using laboratory techniques using experimental research design. Samples from each of the three (3) selected locations of solid waste dumpsites were withdrawn to determine the total heterotrophic bacteria count. Microorganisms were isolated using the spread plate technique using nutrient agar (Oxoid). Incubation of the plate was done at 35°C for 18–24 hours, and bacteria identification was done by using the key provided in Difco manual (differentiation of Enterobacteriaceae by Biochemical test). Health risks were collected from secondary sources in primary healthcare facilities in the study area. The findings revealed the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella spp. in the waste samples from the dumpsites, which were associated with diseases such as malaria, typhoid, urinary tract infections (UTI), and diarrhoea. The priority diseases in the local health facilities, such as typhoid, bacteria, diarrhoea, malaria and UTRI, were found to be those that can be resulted from the presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella spp. Based on the preceding, the study recommends that health aspects be factored into and considered critical in solid waste management plans, with causative bacterial agents of highlighted health risk factors such as malaria, typhoid, UTRI, and diarrhoea prioritized. Local authorities should strengthen the regulation of solid waste dumpsites to reduce the occurrence of pathogenic microorganisms and the associated health risks. Public education on the importance of practising safe hygiene at solid waste dumpsites is needed to reduce health risks. By implementing these recommendations, the community in Gombe Metropolis can effectively manage the health risks associated with solid waste dumpsites and improve the well-being of its residents.