Mapping of Potential Lithium Mineral Deposits in Some Parts of Northwestern Nigeria Using Magnetic and Gamma-Ray Spectrometry Data
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Abstract
Mapping of potential lithium mineral deposits in some parts of northwestern Nigeria has been carried out in this study using magnetic and gamma-ray spectrometry datasets. Lithium mineral deposits have been known to be controlled by the geologic structures and degree of hydrothermal alterations resulting from enriched potassium (K) in a mineralised pegmatite environment. Consequently, the airborne magnetic and radiometric dataset were analysed by producing the first vertical derivative (FVD), total horizontal derivative (THD), analytic signal, and radioelement ratio, F-parameters, and thorium normalization maps to intensify the interpretations of the spatial distributions and variabilities of the subtle geologic structures and radioelements for probable lithium mineral deposits in the study area. The FVD, THD and analytic signal maps revealed and characterized the distribution of litho-structural features that host solid mineral deposits. The radioelements (K, eTh, and eU), radioelement ratios and the total count (TC) revealed geochemical alteration zones arising from the radiometric signatures of the rocks. They show varying degrees of concentration and distribution across the study area, with values ranging from -0.5 to 8.5 %, 4.0 to 158 ppm, 0.5 to 26.4 ppm, and -2.4 to 64.9 µRh-1 for K, eTh, eU, and Tc, respectively. Results from the FVD, THD, analytic signal, ratio maps, F-parameter and thorium normalisation (KD%) shows hydrothermally altered structures in parts of the northeastern, eastern, southeastern, and extreme northwestern flanks of the study area, indicating potential areas of lithium deposits. The maxima on K/eTh (ratio map) and KD% produced, emphasized the favourable structures for lithium deposits and other mineral deposits in the studied area.
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