An Assessment of the Extent and Impact of Annual Flooding in Kano Metropolis, Kano State - Nigeria
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Abstract
Floods are natural phenomena and it can also be induced by human interaction with the environment. Flood disasters can be avoided through increase awareness and compliance to town and country planning regulations and due regards to environmental sanitation and safer hygienic practices among the citizens. This paper reports the result of the extent and impact of annual flooding undertaken in two local government areas within Kano metropolis through the collection of secondary data using check list from the government agency (National Emergency Management Agency, NEMA) responsible for the management of any kind of disaster like flooding, interviews with stakeholders and field surveys specifically to bridge the prevailing gap on awareness creation to ensure disaster risk reduction and build well informed and resilient societies across the state. Field surveys using purposive non-probability sampling techniques were carried out in thirteen residential zones that are affected with the disaster in other to understand the factors and identify the impact. The result showed that 86% of the respondents were male and they are within the age bracket of 35 – 44 years old, majority of them do not have formal education but few from them had primary and secondary as their school leaving certificate as the rest were ND, NCE, HND & B.Sc. holders with business as the major type of occupation. It also revealed that there are several factors responsible for flooding which characterized by building houses in areas liable to flood, lack of proper drainage channels, dumping of refuse inside the drainage systems as well as heavy rainfall as represented by 42%, 22%, 21% and 15% respectively. the result also confirmed that the disaster (flood) affects so many things drastically as houses destroyed in nearly all the areas, houses destroyed, mosque and clinics affected, transportation routes and educational settings (destruction of bridges and schools). It was recommends that all illegal structures blocking the free-flow of water are being remove no matter who own them, government of Kano state should also construct more water channels and streams across the state to provide the much needed drainage to mitigate the impact of flooding, the government should also construct permanent rehabilitation camps to accommodate people displaced by future disaster and to avoid the use of schools as temporary shelters which can be a detrimental to education.
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