A Review of Potential Medicinal Plants in Prevention and Cure of Covid-19
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Abstract
Coronavirus Disease -2019 (COVID-19) is a novel respiratory infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SAR-COV-2) of the family coronavirus. Despite the high mortality and morbidity rates associated with COVID-19 pandemic, there is no known drug effective for treatment. Recently some vaccines have been rolled out and vaccination ongoing, however, there are controversies and uncertainty of the consequences associated with the use of the vaccines. Several studies on conventional antivirals or immunomodulators have not yielded significant success against COVID-19. It is believed that consumption of some herbal preparations can prevent or cure COVID-19. Review of studies and trials with some medicinal plants with certain natural phytochemicals indicated possibility of their use for prevention and treatment of COVID_19. Some plants with varied potential antiviral activities include; turmeric (Curcuma longa), Garlic (Allium sativum) citrus species (lemon and lime), Guava (Psidum guajava) Mango (Mangifera indica), lemon grass (Cymtopogorn citritus) Pawpaw (Carica papaya), Bitter kola (Garcinia kola), Bitter guard (Sida cordifolia) sent leaf (Ocimum gratissium) Artimisia annua, Aloe vera, and Echinacea species. The case for exploration and use of medicinal plants is anchored by the emergence of a number of drugs from plant sources with proven efficacy for treatment and management of respiratory diseases. It is recommended that medicinal plants with proven efficacy be used while further investigation be carried out to ascertain the effectiveness of other locally available plants for prevention and management of COVID-19.
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