Assessment of Households’ Socio-Economic Characteristics and Food Security Status in Atiba Local Government Area of Oyo State
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Understanding the food security state of households, for whom policies can be enacted to give effective change to the national, regional and international profile of food security issues is needful. Previous studies in Nigeria focused on food security and livelihood strategy without taking into consideration the variation across socio-economic characteristics. This study aimed at ascertaining household food security status across socio-economic characteristics as well as the effect of multiple livelihood activities on food security status in Atiba local government area of Oyo state. The study used convenient sampling technique to select 114 households from six wards. Questionnaires were used to source information on food items consumed, livelihood activities and livelihood assessment. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and logit regression. The Cronbach alpha reliability value was 0.67. The result showed that 62% of the respondents were male and 38% were female. 80% fall between the age range of 31-64 years, 60% were married and 61% have a household size ranging between 5 and 8 members. The findings also revealed that respondents with 6 and above sources of livelihood activities were more food-secured, keenly followed by those with 4-5 sources of livelihood in which 38%, 35%, 32% and 41% were more food-secured using HDDS, FCS, HFIAS, and SLFC respectively. Females were more food-secured than their male counterparts using HDDS. 53.49 per cent of females were more food-secured as against 40.00 per cent of their male counterparts. Using food consumption score, 55.81 of the female were more food secure as against 21.43 per cent of the male while using SLFC, 48.57% of males were more food secure as against 39.53% of females. The study concludes that multiple sources of livelihood have a direct relationship on food security status while location, income and educational qualification significantly influence food security line. However, household size of the respondents has an inverse relationship on food security status. Household size should therefore be checked to keep the households on the food security line.
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